{"identifier":"/us/usc/t15/s2681","title":15,"num":"\u00a7\u202f2681.","heading":"Definitions","text":"\u00a7\u202f2681.\nDefinitions\nFor the purposes of this subchapter:\n(1)\nAbatement\nThe term \u201cabatement\u201d means any set of measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards in accordance with standards established by the Administrator under this subchapter. Such term includes\u2014\n(A) the removal of lead-based paint and lead-contaminated dust, the permanent containment or encapsulation of lead-based paint, the replacement of lead-painted surfaces or fixtures, and the removal or covering of lead-contaminated soil; and\n(B) all preparation, cleanup, disposal, and postabatement clearance testing activities associated with such measures.\n(2)\nAccessible surface\nThe term \u201caccessible surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface painted with lead-based paint that is accessible for a young child to mouth or chew.\n(3)\nDeteriorated paint\nThe term \u201cdeteriorated paint\u201d means any interior or exterior paint that is peeling, chipping, chalking or cracking or any paint located on an interior or exterior surface or fixture that is damaged or deteriorated.\n(4)\nEvaluation\nThe term \u201cevaluation\u201d means risk assessment, inspection, or risk assessment and inspection.\n(5)\nFriction surface\nThe term \u201cfriction surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction, including certain window, floor, and stair surfaces.\n(6)\nImpact surface\nThe term \u201cimpact surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to damage by repeated impacts, for example, certain parts of door frames.\n(7)\nInspection\nThe term \u201cinspection\u201d means (A) a surface-by-surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based paint, as provided in\nsection 4822(c) of title 42\n(8)\nInterim controls\nThe term \u201cinterim controls\u201d means a set of measures designed to reduce temporarily human exposure or likely exposure to lead-based paint hazards, including specialized cleaning, repairs, maintenance, painting, temporary containment, ongoing monitoring of lead-based paint hazards or potential hazards, and the establishment and operation of management and resident education programs.\n(9)\nLead-based paint\nThe term \u201clead-based paint\u201d means paint or other surface coatings that contain lead in excess of 1.0 milligrams per centimeter squared or 0.5 percent by weight or (A) in the case of paint or other surface coatings on target housing, such lower level as may be established by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, as defined in\nsection 4822(c) of title 42\n(10)\nLead-based paint hazard\nThe term \u201clead-based paint hazard\u201d means any condition that causes exposure to lead from lead-contaminated dust, lead-contaminated soil, lead-contaminated paint that is deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in adverse human health effects as established by the Administrator under this subchapter.\n(11)\nLead-contaminated dust\nThe term \u201clead-contaminated dust\u201d means surface dust in residential dwellings that contains an area or mass concentration of lead in excess of levels determined by the Administrator under this subchapter to pose a threat of adverse health effects in pregnant women or young children.\n(12)\nLead-contaminated soil\nThe term \u201clead-contaminated soil\u201d means bare soil on residential real property that contains lead at or in excess of the levels determined to be hazardous to human health by the Administrator under this subchapter.\n(13)\nReduction\nThe term \u201creduction\u201d means measures designed to reduce or eliminate human exposure to lead-based paint hazards through methods including interim controls and abatement.\n(14)\nResidential dwelling\nThe term \u201cresidential dwelling\u201d means\u2014\n(A) a single-family dwelling, including attached structures such as porches and stoops; or\n(B) a single-family dwelling unit in a structure that contains more than 1 separate residential dwelling unit, and in which each such unit is used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence of 1 or more persons.\n(15)\nResidential real property\nThe term \u201cresidential real property\u201d means real property on which there is situated 1 or more residential dwellings used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence of 1 or more persons.\n(16)\nRisk assessment\nThe term \u201crisk assessment\u201d means an on-site investigation to determine and report the existence, nature, severity and location of lead-based paint hazards in residential dwellings, including\u2014\n(A) information gathering regarding the age and history of the housing and occupancy by children under age 6;\n(B) visual inspection;\n(C) limited wipe sampling or other environmental sampling techniques;\n(D) other activity as may be appropriate; and\n(E) provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation.\n(17)\nTarget housing\nThe term \u201ctarget housing\u201d means any housing constructed prior to 1978, except housing for the elderly or persons with disabilities or any 0-bedroom dwelling (unless any child who is less than 6 years of age resides or is expected to reside in such housing). In the case of jurisdictions which banned the sale or use of lead-based paint prior to 1978, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, at the Secretary\u2019s discretion, may designate an earlier date.","url":"https://projectusc.org/usc/t15/s2681.html","content":[{"t":"sec","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681","children":[{"t":"num","text":"\u00a7\u202f2681."},{"t":"heading","text":"Definitions","tail":"\n"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"For the purposes of this subchapter:"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/1","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(1)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Abatement"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cabatement\u201d means any set of measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards in accordance with standards established by the Administrator under this subchapter. Such term includes\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/1/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" the removal of lead-based paint and lead-contaminated dust, the permanent containment or encapsulation of lead-based paint, the replacement of lead-painted surfaces or fixtures, and the removal or covering of lead-contaminated soil; and","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/1/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" all preparation, cleanup, disposal, and postabatement clearance testing activities associated with such measures.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/2","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(2)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Accessible surface"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201caccessible surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface painted with lead-based paint that is accessible for a young child to mouth or chew.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/3","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(3)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Deteriorated paint"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cdeteriorated paint\u201d means any interior or exterior paint that is peeling, chipping, chalking or cracking or any paint located on an interior or exterior surface or fixture that is damaged or deteriorated.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/4","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(4)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Evaluation"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cevaluation\u201d means risk assessment, inspection, or risk assessment and inspection.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/5","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(5)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Friction surface"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cfriction surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction, including certain window, floor, and stair surfaces.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/6","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(6)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Impact surface"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cimpact surface\u201d means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to damage by repeated impacts, for example, certain parts of door frames.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/7","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(7)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Inspection"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cinspection\u201d means (A) a surface-by-surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based paint, as provided in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 4822(c) of title 42","href":"/us/usc/t42/s4822/c","tail":", and (B) the provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/8","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(8)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Interim controls"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cinterim controls\u201d means a set of measures designed to reduce temporarily human exposure or likely exposure to lead-based paint hazards, including specialized cleaning, repairs, maintenance, painting, temporary containment, ongoing monitoring of lead-based paint hazards or potential hazards, and the establishment and operation of management and resident education programs.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/9","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(9)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Lead-based paint"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201clead-based paint\u201d means paint or other surface coatings that contain lead in excess of 1.0 milligrams per centimeter squared or 0.5 percent by weight or (A) in the case of paint or other surface coatings on target housing, such lower level as may be established by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, as defined in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 4822(c) of title 42","href":"/us/usc/t42/s4822/c","tail":", or (B) in the case of any other paint or surface coatings, such other level as may be established by the Administrator."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/10","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(10)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Lead-based paint hazard"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201clead-based paint hazard\u201d means any condition that causes exposure to lead from lead-contaminated dust, lead-contaminated soil, lead-contaminated paint that is deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in adverse human health effects as established by the Administrator under this subchapter.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/11","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(11)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Lead-contaminated dust"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201clead-contaminated dust\u201d means surface dust in residential dwellings that contains an area or mass concentration of lead in excess of levels determined by the Administrator under this subchapter to pose a threat of adverse health effects in pregnant women or young children.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/12","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(12)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Lead-contaminated soil"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201clead-contaminated soil\u201d means bare soil on residential real property that contains lead at or in excess of the levels determined to be hazardous to human health by the Administrator under this subchapter.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/13","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(13)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Reduction"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201creduction\u201d means measures designed to reduce or eliminate human exposure to lead-based paint hazards through methods including interim controls and abatement.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/14","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(14)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Residential dwelling"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cresidential dwelling\u201d means\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/14/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" a single-family dwelling, including attached structures such as porches and stoops; or","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/14/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" a single-family dwelling unit in a structure that contains more than 1 separate residential dwelling unit, and in which each such unit is used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence of 1 or more persons.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/15","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(15)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Residential real property"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cresidential real property\u201d means real property on which there is situated 1 or more residential dwellings used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence of 1 or more persons.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(16)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Risk assessment"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201crisk assessment\u201d means an on-site investigation to determine and report the existence, nature, severity and location of lead-based paint hazards in residential dwellings, including\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" information gathering regarding the age and history of the housing and occupancy by children under age 6;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" visual inspection;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16/C","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(C)"},{"t":"content","text":" limited wipe sampling or other environmental sampling techniques;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16/D","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(D)"},{"t":"content","text":" other activity as may be appropriate; and","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/16/E","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(E)"},{"t":"content","text":" provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t15/s2681/17","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(17)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Target housing"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201ctarget housing\u201d means any housing constructed prior to 1978, except housing for the elderly or persons with disabilities or any 0-bedroom dwelling (unless any child who is less than 6 years of age resides or is expected to reside in such housing). In the case of jurisdictions which banned the sale or use of lead-based paint prior to 1978, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, at the Secretary\u2019s discretion, may designate an earlier date.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"}]}]}