{"identifier":"/us/usc/t22/s2376","title":22,"num":"\u00a7\u202f2376.","heading":"Nuclear non-proliferation policy in South Asia","text":"\u00a7\u202f2376.\nNuclear non-proliferation policy in South Asia\n(a)\nFindings\nThe Congress finds that\u2014\n(1) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction remains one of the most serious threats to international peace and stability;\n(2) South Asia, in particular, is an area where the threat of a regional nuclear exchange remains high due to continued Indo-Pakistani tensions over issues such as Kashmir;\n(3) to date, United States efforts to halt proliferation in South Asia have failed;\n(4) although global disarmament is a desirable goal which should be vigorously pursued, both regional and sub-regional security arrangements can serve to decrease tensions and promote non-proliferation in certain areas;\n(5) thus far, there has been some success on a regional basis, such as the South Pacific Nuclear Weapons Free Zone and the Treaty of Tlatelolco in Latin America;\n(6) in particular, in Latin America, the Treaty of Tlatelolco has been signed by all the nuclear powers;\n(7) a critical part of this treaty is Protocol II which prohibits nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on signatories to the treaty;\n(8) in 1991, a proposal was made for a regional conference on non-proliferation in South Asia which would include Pakistan, India, the People\u2019s Republic of China, the Soviet Union, and the United States; and\n(9) thus far, Pakistan, China, Russia, and the United States have expressed interest in attending such a conference, whereas India has refused to attend.\n(b)\nPolicy\nIt is the sense of the Congress that the President should pursue a policy which seeks a regional negotiated solution to the issue of nuclear non-proliferation in South Asia at the earliest possible time, including a protocol to be signed by all nuclear weapons states, prohibiting nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on countries in the region. Such a policy should have as its ultimate goal concurrent accession by Pakistan and India to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and should also include as needed a phased approach to that goal through a series of agreements among the parties on nuclear issues, such as the agreement reached by Pakistan and India not to attack one another\u2019s nuclear facilities.","url":"https://projectusc.org/usc/t22/s2376.html","content":[{"t":"sec","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376","children":[{"t":"num","text":"\u00a7\u202f2376."},{"t":"heading","text":"Nuclear non-proliferation policy in South Asia"},{"t":"subsec","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(a)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Findings"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The Congress finds that\u2014"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/1","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(1)"},{"t":"content","text":" the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction remains one of the most serious threats to international peace and stability;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/2","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(2)"},{"t":"content","text":" South Asia, in particular, is an area where the threat of a regional nuclear exchange remains high due to continued Indo-Pakistani tensions over issues such as Kashmir;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/3","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(3)"},{"t":"content","text":" to date, United States efforts to halt proliferation in South Asia have failed;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/4","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(4)"},{"t":"content","text":" although global disarmament is a desirable goal which should be vigorously pursued, both regional and sub-regional security arrangements can serve to decrease tensions and promote non-proliferation in certain areas;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/5","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(5)"},{"t":"content","text":" thus far, there has been some success on a regional basis, such as the South Pacific Nuclear Weapons Free Zone and the Treaty of Tlatelolco in Latin America;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/6","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(6)"},{"t":"content","text":" in particular, in Latin America, the Treaty of Tlatelolco has been signed by all the nuclear powers;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/7","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(7)"},{"t":"content","text":" a critical part of this treaty is Protocol II which prohibits nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on signatories to the treaty;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/8","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(8)"},{"t":"content","text":" in 1991, a proposal was made for a regional conference on non-proliferation in South Asia which would include Pakistan, India, the People\u2019s Republic of China, the Soviet Union, and the United States; and","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/a/9","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(9)"},{"t":"content","text":" thus far, Pakistan, China, Russia, and the United States have expressed interest in attending such a conference, whereas India has refused to attend.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subsec","id":"/us/usc/t22/s2376/b","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(b)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Policy"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"It is the sense of the Congress that the President should pursue a policy which seeks a regional negotiated solution to the issue of nuclear non-proliferation in South Asia at the earliest possible time, including a protocol to be signed by all nuclear weapons states, prohibiting nuclear attacks by nuclear weapons states on countries in the region. Such a policy should have as its ultimate goal concurrent accession by Pakistan and India to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and should also include as needed a phased approach to that goal through a series of agreements among the parties on nuclear issues, such as the agreement reached by Pakistan and India not to attack one another\u2019s nuclear facilities.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"}]}]}