{"identifier":"/us/usc/t22/s6402","title":22,"num":"\u00a7\u202f6402.","heading":"Definitions","text":"\u00a7\u202f6402.\nDefinitions\nIn this chapter:\n(1)\nAmbassador at Large\nThe term \u201cAmbassador at Large\u201d means the Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom appointed under\nsection 6411(b) of this title\n(2)\nAnnual Report\nThe term \u201cAnnual Report\u201d means the Annual Report on International Religious Freedom described in\nsection 6412(b) of this title\n(3)\nAppropriate congressional committees\nThe term \u201cappropriate congressional committees\u201d means\u2014\n(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives; and\n(B) in the case of any determination made with respect to the taking of President\n1\n1 So in original. Probably should be \u201cPresidential\u201d.\nsection 6445(a) of this title\n(4)\nCommensurate action\nThe term \u201ccommensurate action\u201d means action taken by the President under\nsection 6445(b) of this title\n(5)\nCommission\nThe term \u201cCommission\u201d means the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom established in\nsection 6431(a) of this title\n(6)\nCountry Reports on Human Rights Practices\nThe term \u201cCountry Reports on Human Rights Practices\u201d means the annual reports required to be submitted by the Department of State to Congress under sections 2151n(d) and 2304(b) of this title.\n(7)\nExecutive Summary\nThe term \u201cExecutive Summary\u201d means the Executive Summary to the Annual Report, as described in\nsection 6412(b)(1)(F) of this title\n(8)\nGovernment or foreign government\nThe term \u201cgovernment\u201d or \u201cforeign government\u201d includes any agency or instrumentality of the government.\n(9)\nHuman Rights Reports\nThe term \u201cHuman Rights Reports\u201d means all reports submitted by the Department of State to Congress under sections 2151n and 2304 of this title.\n(10)\nInstitution of higher education\nThe term \u201cinstitution of higher education\u201d has the meaning given that term in\nsection 1001 of title 20\n(11)\nNon-state actor\nThe term \u201cnon-state actor\u201d means a nonsovereign entity that\u2014\n(A) exercises significant political power and territorial control;\n(B) is outside the control of a sovereign government; and\n(C) often employs violence in pursuit of its objectives.\n(12)\nOffice\nThe term \u201cOffice\u201d means the Office on International Religious Freedom established in\nsection 6411(a) of this title\n(13)\nParticularly severe violations of religious freedom\nThe term \u201cparticularly severe violations of religious freedom\u201d means systematic, ongoing, egregious violations of religious freedom, including violations such as\u2014\n(A) torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment;\n(B) prolonged detention without charges;\n(C) causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction or clandestine detention of those persons; or\n(D) other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, or the security of persons.\n(14)\nSpecial Adviser\nThe term \u201cSpecial Adviser\u201d means the Special Adviser to the President on International Religious Freedom described in\nsection 3021(i) of title 50\n2\n2 See References in Text note below.\n(15)\nSpecial Watch List\nThe term \u201cSpecial Watch List\u201d means the Special Watch List described in\nsection 6442(b)(1)(A)(iii) of this title\n(16)\nViolations of religious freedom\nThe term \u201cviolations of religious freedom\u201d means violations of the internationally recognized right to freedom of religion and religious belief and practice, as set forth in the international instruments referred to in\n(A) arbitrary prohibitions on, restrictions of, or punishment for\u2014\n(i) assembling for peaceful religious activities such as worship, preaching, and prayer, including arbitrary registration requirements;\n(ii) speaking freely about one\u2019s religious beliefs;\n(iii) changing one\u2019s religious beliefs and affiliation;\n(iv) not professing a particular religion, or any religion;\n(v) possession and distribution of religious literature, including Bibles; or\n(vi) raising one\u2019s children in the religious teachings and practices of one\u2019s choice; or\n(B) any of the following acts if committed on account of an individual\u2019s conscience, non-theistic views, or religious belief or practice: detention, interrogation, imposition of an onerous financial penalty, forced labor, forced mass resettlement, imprisonment, forced religious conversion, forcibly compelling non-believers or non-theists to recant their beliefs or to convert, beating, torture, mutilation, rape, enslavement, murder, and execution.","url":"https://projectusc.org/usc/t22/s6402.html","content":[{"t":"sec","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402","children":[{"t":"num","text":"\u00a7\u202f6402."},{"t":"heading","text":"Definitions","tail":"\n"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"In this chapter:"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/1","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(1)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Ambassador at Large"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cAmbassador at Large\u201d means the Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom appointed under ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6411(b) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6411/b","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/2","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(2)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Annual Report"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cAnnual Report\u201d means the Annual Report on International Religious Freedom described in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6412(b) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6412/b","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/3","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(3)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Appropriate congressional committees"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cappropriate congressional committees\u201d means\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/3/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives; and","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/3/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" in the case of any determination made with respect to the taking of President\u202f","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"1"},{"t":"num","text":"1","tail":"\u202fSo in original. Probably should be \u201cPresidential\u201d."},{"t":"text","text":"\u202fSo in original. Probably should be \u201cPresidential\u201d.","tail":" action under paragraphs (9) through (15) of "},{"t":"ref","text":"section 6445(a) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6445/a","tail":", the term includes the committees described in subparagraph (A) and, where appropriate, the Committee on Banking and Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/4","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(4)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Commensurate action"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201ccommensurate action\u201d means action taken by the President under ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6445(b) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6445/b","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/5","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(5)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Commission"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cCommission\u201d means the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom established in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6431(a) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6431/a","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/6","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(6)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cCountry Reports on Human Rights Practices\u201d means the annual reports required to be submitted by the Department of State to Congress under sections 2151n(d) and 2304(b) of this title.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/7","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(7)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Executive Summary"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cExecutive Summary\u201d means the Executive Summary to the Annual Report, as described in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6412(b)(1)(F) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6412/b/1/F","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/8","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(8)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Government or foreign government"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cgovernment\u201d or \u201cforeign government\u201d includes any agency or instrumentality of the government.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/9","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(9)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Human Rights Reports"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cHuman Rights Reports\u201d means all reports submitted by the Department of State to Congress under sections 2151n and 2304 of this title.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/10","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(10)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Institution of higher education"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cinstitution of higher education\u201d has the meaning given that term in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 1001 of title 20","href":"/us/usc/t20/s1001","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/11","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(11)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Non-state actor"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cnon-state actor\u201d means a nonsovereign entity that\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/11/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" exercises significant political power and territorial control;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/11/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" is outside the control of a sovereign government; and","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/11/C","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(C)"},{"t":"content","text":" often employs violence in pursuit of its objectives.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/12","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(12)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Office"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cOffice\u201d means the Office on International Religious Freedom established in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6411(a) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6411/a","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/13","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(13)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Particularly severe violations of religious freedom"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cparticularly severe violations of religious freedom\u201d means systematic, ongoing, egregious violations of religious freedom, including violations such as\u2014"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/13/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"content","text":" torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/13/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" prolonged detention without charges;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/13/C","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(C)"},{"t":"content","text":" causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction or clandestine detention of those persons; or","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/13/D","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(D)"},{"t":"content","text":" other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, or the security of persons.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/14","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(14)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Special Adviser"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cSpecial Adviser\u201d means the Special Adviser to the President on International Religious Freedom described in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 3021(i) of title 50","href":"/us/usc/t50/s3021/i","tail":"."},{"t":"ref","text":"2"},{"t":"num","text":"2","tail":"\u202fSee References in Text note below."},{"t":"text","text":"\u202fSee References in Text note below."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/15","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(15)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Special Watch List"},{"t":"content","children":[{"t":"p","text":"The term \u201cSpecial Watch List\u201d means the Special Watch List described in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6442(b)(1)(A)(iii) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6442/b/1/A/iii","tail":"."}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"para","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(16)"},{"t":"heading","text":"Violations of religious freedom"},{"t":"chapeau","text":"The term \u201cviolations of religious freedom\u201d means violations of the internationally recognized right to freedom of religion and religious belief and practice, as set forth in the international instruments referred to in ","children":[{"t":"ref","text":"section 6401(a)(2) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6401/a/2","tail":" and as described in "},{"t":"ref","text":"section 6401(a)(3) of this title","href":"/us/usc/t22/s6401/a/3","tail":", including violations such as\u2014"}]},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(A)"},{"t":"chapeau","text":" arbitrary prohibitions on, restrictions of, or punishment for\u2014"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/i","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(i)"},{"t":"content","text":" assembling for peaceful religious activities such as worship, preaching, and prayer, including arbitrary registration requirements;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/ii","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(ii)"},{"t":"content","text":" speaking freely about one\u2019s religious beliefs;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/iii","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(iii)"},{"t":"content","text":" changing one\u2019s religious beliefs and affiliation;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/iv","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(iv)"},{"t":"content","text":" not professing a particular religion, or any religion;","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/v","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(v)"},{"t":"content","text":" possession and distribution of religious literature, including Bibles; or","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"clause","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/A/vi","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(vi)"},{"t":"content","text":" raising one\u2019s children in the religious teachings and practices of one\u2019s choice; or","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"subpara","id":"/us/usc/t22/s6402/16/B","children":[{"t":"num","text":"(B)"},{"t":"content","text":" any of the following acts if committed on account of an individual\u2019s conscience, non-theistic views, or religious belief or practice: detention, interrogation, imposition of an onerous financial penalty, forced labor, forced mass resettlement, imprisonment, forced religious conversion, forcibly compelling non-believers or non-theists to recant their beliefs or to convert, beating, torture, mutilation, rape, enslavement, murder, and execution.","tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"}],"tail":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"},{"t":"text","text":"\n"}]}]}